Lumbar osteochondrosis

According to medical statistics, pain at the end of 80% of cases is caused by lumbar osteochondrosis.This occurs as a result of degenerative-distribution changes in this segment, when intervertebral discs and adjacent vertebrae are affected.Lumbar spine osteochondrosis (SPEP) manifests itself by various symptoms: pain of different nature, limitation of mobility, impaired sensitivity of the lower body, etc.With a long absence of treatment, degenerative processes apply to vertebrae, reducing working capacity, so the patient can become a disabled person.

To avoid hazardous complications of lumbar osteochondrosis (PO), you need to start comprehensive treatment at 1-2 stages of pathology.In advanced cases, when irreversible disk or vertebra changes are already present, surgery is performed.To avoid osteochondrosis of the lumbar region and related complications, it is necessary to perform its prevention.

The development of lumbar osteochondrosis

To understand what pop osteochondrosis is, you need to study the spinal structure of the spine.It consists of the vertebrae, among which the cartilage joints (intervertebral disc) are placed.The disc is covered with a hard fibrous membrane (fibrous ring), within which there is a spray nucleus.This structure performs a shock absorbing function, makes the spine more flexible.

Reference.The lumbar segment of the spine is daily subjected to a huge load as it supports the weight of the upper body.Therefore, the lower spine osteochondrosis is diagnosed more often than the cervical chest.

With regular loads in the spine, the discs are compacted, many fluids are lost, their height is reduced and the distance between the vertebrae decreases.The cartilaginous joint becomes fragile, microcracks appear on its surface, through which the core of pulpee projects over time.With the additional compression of the intervertebral discs, the outer membrane and the loss of the gelatinous body, the hernia forms.Then the pathological mobility of the vertebrae occurs, the load in the neighboring segments of the spine increases.

A little later, bone growth (osteophytes) begin to form at the edges of the vertebral bodies.Thus, the body is trying to stabilize the spine.

Doctors distinguish 4 stages of lumbar spine osteochondrosis:

• 1 degree - Problems with discs begin, the central part is dehydrated, flat, cracks appear on the outer shell.It has a prisoner.
• 2 Degrees - SAGS OF THE CANDILLING JOIN, VERTEBRAS ARE COMPLETING, MAKE MORE MOBILE, MUSCLES AND LINKS around the column fall.The pain appears.
• 3 degrees - protrusion, hernias, subluxation of the vertebrae are formed.Pain is improved, mobility is limited, the sensitivity of the lower body is impaired.
• 4th degree osteochondrosis is characterized by the appearance of osteophytes that can damage the spinal nerves, neighboring vertebrae.There is constant pain, pronounced neurological disorders and other complications, the risk of disability increases.

It is easier to heal lumbar concent (stage 1), however, it is very difficult to detect the disease at this stage.Intervertebral osteochondrosis of the 2nd degree is treated using conservative methods.In 3-4 stages, an operation may be required.

Reference.According to statistics, spp is most often detected in patients after 30 years.There are frequent cases of pathology in people after 20 years.Approximately 80% of 60 -year -old patients suffer from manifestations of this disease.

Reasons

To understand how to deal with PKOP's osteochondrosis (Lumbosacra column), you need to know your reasons:

• Static load or regular dynamic in the lower back segment.The risk group for the development of osteochondrosis includes office workers, professional athletes (heavy athletics), engines, builders, etc.
• Violation of posture, prolonged stay in the wrong pose.
• Genetic predisposition, anomalies of vertebral bodies formation.This category includes juvenile software - curvature of the spine spine caused by vertebral body pathologies.
• Spine spine lesions.
• Hormonal imbalance, metabolic disorders, endocrine diseases that disturb metabolism in the lumbar segment.
• Age -related changes in the body causes disc wear.
• Tuberculosis bone, osteomyelitis (purulent inflammation of bone tissue), ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation of vertebrae and joints), rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Often the disease causes several reasons at once.

In addition, there are factors that cause the development of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Overweight body weight.
• Passive lifestyle, prolonged seat.
• Regular use of harmful foods (greasy foods, fried, confectionery, semi -agreed products, etc.).
• Lack of fluid, dehydration.
• Congenital disorders of the spine structure, for example, an additional vertebra.
• Regularly using uncomfortable heels.
• The period of supporting the fetus, then the load in the spine column increases.
• A sharp abandonment of professional athletes or excessive sports in people who were passive previously.
• Smoking, frequent and immoderate use for alcohol use.

There are many other factors that can launch degenerative-distribution processes in the lumbar spine.For example, flat feet, frequent hypothermia, frequent stress, sleep disorders, etc.

Symptoms

The symptoms of lumbar spine osteochondrosis are diverse, they depend on the pathology stage and location of the affected area.

Doctors distinguish reflex and compression syndromes (a symptom complex) for spp.The first occurs with irritation of the external membrane receptors of the discs, ligaments, joint capsules and the second - by compressing nerve beams, blood vessels, spinal cord.

There are such reflex syndromes of lumbar osteochondrosis:

• Lumbago.Firing the pain in the back of the back with a clear movement or tension.In the slightest attempt to move, pain syndrome is improved;Therefore, the patient freezes in a pose.The muscles in the damaged area are strongly tense, in palpation, the painful sensations become more pronounced.These manifestations are associated with the movement of the pulp nucleus within the outer shell.
• Lumbalgia.A real pain develops for several hours or days.The discomfort intensifies with the movements, a change in the body's position.It is weakened when a person makes a horizontal pose with a roll under the lower back.When lifting a straight leg in this position, the pain intensifies (Lassa symptom).The degree of muscle tension is lower than with lower back.The mobility of the lower back is limited.
• Sciatica.Painful sensations (acute or painful) spread from the lower back to the lower body.There is an increase in this resource during the movements.The pain is weakened by resting in the back.The muscles in the affected area are tense, pain syndrome is expressed in palpation.

Symptoms in compression syndromes depend on which sections of the lumbar segment are damaged.The characteristic signs are associated with compression of the cephalraquidal nerves with hernias, osteophytes, displaced vertebrae.This condition is called radiculopathy, in which pain intensifies with the slightest movement, the lumbar muscles are tense and mobility is limited.

Clinical manifestations of compression syndromes, depending on damaged back segment vertebrae:

• L1 - L3 - Pain and numbness in the lumbar area, the front and inner surface of the thigh is difficult for the patient to bend/elaborate the knee leg.
• L4 - Pain syndrome spreads to the front of the thigh, falls into the knee (behind).In the same area, sensitivity is violated.
• L5 - The painful sensations are radiated on the buttocks, the outer thigh, fall along the front of the leg into the foot and the thumb.In the same area, numbness is felt, it is difficult for the patient to double the thumb.
• S1 - The pain sheds from the lower back to the buttock, the outer and posterior surface of the thigh, falls to the outside of the leg, the foot.In these areas, numbness is felt, the leg muscles are weakened, so that the patient is difficult to stay in the socks.

There is a risk of damage to several nerve beams at the same time, for example, L5, S1.If the hernia changes back, you can tighten the spinal cord.

With the compression of the blood vessels of the lower back, the probability of weakening the leg muscles, the numbness of the lower extremities, a violation of control over the process of urination and defecation.In men, an erection is disturbed in men and, in women, the main symptoms can be complemented by the inflammation of the ovaries or the uterus.

Diagnostic measures

To diagnose spp, the doctor examines the patient, palpates to determine the condition of the muscles and identify the curvature of the spine.It is important to tell a specialist in details about your symptoms, so that it is easier for him to make a diagnosis.

Instrumental research will help detect intervertebral osteochondrosis:

• Lumbar region rail (direct and lateral projection).
• Computed tomography and magnetic refusal.

X -Ray allows to evaluate the structure of the pop.To identify the pathological mobility of the vertebrae, root X is performed in the position of flexion and extension.This study allows us to note that the intervertebral gap narrowed, the bodies of the vertebrae changed, the osteophytes appeared on their edges.However, this method of diagnosis is considered outdated.

Today, CT and magnetic resonance imaging are increasingly used to detect degenerative-distribution changes in the spine.These highly informative studies allow to evaluate the condition of vertebrae, discs, intervertebral holes, spinal cord.With their help, protrusion, the direction of hernia, the degree of compression of nerve beams, spinal cord, blood vessels are revealed.

Treatment

Lumbar osteochondrosis medicines

The treatment of pop osteochondrosis lasts from 1 to 3 months to 1 year.The success of therapy depends on the patient himself, who should strictly observe the doctor's recommendations.With self -medication, the patient's condition usually worsens.

Therapy therapies:

• Stop or weakens the symptoms of the software.
• To identify the cause of the disease, try to exclude it from life.
• Eliminate the inflammatory process.
• Restore blood circulation, metabolic processes in the lower back.
• Try to improve the condition of damaged cartilage joints, stop even more degenerative changes.

To achieve these goals, it is recommended to perform complex therapy.Usually starts with drug taking:

• Muslaxantes.They relax muscles, weaken pain and inflammation.
• Aine.They have anti -inflammatory antipyretic effects, painkillers.
• Antispasmodic.They help to stop spasm of the smooth muscles, weaken the pain.
• Anesthetic agents.They are used for intense pain in the form of therapeutic block.
• Glicosteroids.They also help deal with pain.However, these funds are able to destroy the bones, so they take them for a short time and only after the doctor's approval.
• Sedatives.Remove the neuromuscular tension, improve sleep.
• Vitamins (group B, E, C, a).Restore the condition of the affected nerves, weakens the pain.

Carefully.NSAIDs are prohibited from taking gastritis or stomach ulcer as they even damage mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.

With exacerbation, the patient is injected with injections and, after interrupting the main symptoms, he takes oral agents.

In addition, external products are used (gels, ointments, cream, trash).

The question of what to do with chronic osteochondrosis of the lower back is quite relevant.If spp becomes chronic, after the main symptoms are the patient, the patient receives prescribed chondroprotectors, medicines that restore blood circulation, medicines based on vitamins B. They help restore innervation, normalize blood supply in the affected area and prevent additional development of the pathology.

The treatment of lumbar spine (stage 1) is performed using chondroprotectors that decrease the development of degenerative processes, accelerates the regeneration of the cartilage.In addition, the patient receives vitamin-minineral complexes.This form of osteochondrosis is easier to heal.

Other conservative methods

With OKZ (osteochondrosis) 1 - 2 degrees, the following treatment procedures will help interrupt your development:

• Ultrasound therapy weakens pain and inflammation, normalizes blood flow in the damaged area.
• Dutenzor therapy is a safe traction of the spine due to the weight of your own body, after which muscle tone is normalized, mobility improves.
• Magnetotherapy reduces pain and inflammation of the muscles around the spine.
• Reflex therapy (the introduction of needles at bioactive points in the body) accelerates blood circulation, relieves inflammation and swelling.
• Manual therapy (exposure to the affected area with the hands of a doctor) and massage normalize muscle tone, reduce compression of nerve beams, improve the power of intervertebral discs, and restore the structure of the spine.
• Electrophoresis allows you to provide medicinal solutions through the skin to bones and cartilage.
• Dragonvalization improves blood circulation, metabolic processes, reduces pain, restores skin sensitivity.

There are still many effective procedures that will help improve the patient's condition in 5 to 15 sessions.The main thing is to receive the approval of a doctor before their conduct.

Home treatment at home

If you are interested in treating an OPP at home, consult a doctor.If the expert gave permission, start therapy, which usually consists of the following points:

• Diet.If lumbar osteochondrosis is caused by a breach of blood flow or metabolism, exclude fatty foods, fried, spicy, eggs, etc.In the menu, replenish the menu with fresh vegetables, fruits, low fat, fish, knitted products.Refuse alcohol, tonic drinks (tea, coffee).Drink with filtered water, jam, herbal teas.

• To restore blood circulation, exercise loading or use friction and compresses.
• Sleep in an orthopedic mattress, a low pillow.If you have a sedentary job, buy a chair with a back that will support the spine.From time to time, use special breaks or belts.
• Exercise therapy will help strengthen muscle corset, remove part of the load from the sick spine.The complex for each patient individually composes a doctor or instructor.
• Perform the self -massage of the lower back.However, find out how to do it correctly with a professional.
• Use folk remedies in the form of rubbing, compresses, baths, etc.
• Acupuncture is a plastic plate with many peaks that improves blood circulation, metabolic processes in the damaged area, reduces muscle pain, he relaxes.

And also at home, you can use lotions with herbal decoctions, plaster.

Reference.The novelty in the treatment of osteochondrosis is a massage bed that is suitable even for the most inorganized patients.

However, remember that you can only be treated at home after the assistant doctor's permission.

Surgical treatment

Operation with lumbar osteochondrosis is prescribed if conservative methods have been ineffective for a long time.And also surgical intervention is indicated with involuntary urination, defecation and horse tail syndrome (pinching the nerves of the lower spine).

In the treatment of spp, these surgical methods are used:

• Spondylodeza - Fusing adjacent vertebrae.
• FASSETEXTOMOME - Removal of intervertebral joints that infringe the cephalorean nerve.
• Laminectomy - Removal of a plate that covers the spinal canal that tightens the spinal cord.
• The disco is a complete or partial removal of the intervertebral disc, which causes a nerve or spinal cord compression.
• Corplate - Removal of the body of the vertebra and adjacent joints of the cartilage.Then the empty location is filled with a bone transplant and the 3 vertebrate segment is spent.

Reference.After surgical intervention, there is a risk of complications: spinal cord trauma, nerve beams, transplant breaking, infection, etc.

After treatment, it is necessary to undergo rehabilitation to accelerate recovery.

Complications

In the absence of competent therapy, the risk of such complications of lumbar osteochondrosis increases:

• Disc herniated, pinching nervous root or spinal cord.
• Long -term inflammatory processes increase the likelihood of radiculitis (inflammation of nerve roots).
• Ishias (inflammatory damage to the sciatic nerve), where intense pain and numbness of the lower limb occur.
• In case of impaired blood circulation of the spinal cord, the probability of compression myelopathy increases (spinal cord compression with various formations: bone fragments, hernia, tumors, hematoma).
• Horse tail syndrome is compression of the lower spinal cord roots, which leads to a violation of the functionality of the intestine, the pelvic organs and the lower ends.

To avoid these complications, you need to start treatment as soon as possible.

Prevention

To avoid lumbar osteochondrosis, follow the following rules:

• Lead a moderately active lifestyle (walk more often on foot, exercise regularly, sign up for the pool).
• When sitting, heat every 1.5 hours.
• Sleep in the orthopedic mattress.
• Avoid excessive physical exertion, lift the severity only of the position of semi -pre -care, before that, place a special belt in the lower back.
• Buy orthopedic shoes.
• Eat properly, take vitamin-mineral complexes, as prescribed by a doctor.
• Learn to relax.
• Try no hypothermia.
• Over time, treat diseases that can cause spp.
• Refuse bad habits.

Subject to these recommendations, you can avoid degenerative changes in the spine and improve your health.

The most important thing

If you notice the symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis, consult a doctor urgently.Independent treatment can aggravate your condition and cause complications.Lumbar concent (1st internship) is treated with therapy with exercises, physiotherapy and chondroprotectors.In later stages, medications, massage, manual therapy etc.are used.In the absence of positive dynamics for a long time or in the onset of neurological symptoms, the doctor may prescribe an operation.The patient should strictly follow the doctor's recommendations to accelerate recovery.